The authors would like to explain here the reasons for writing yet another handbook of general and inorganic chemistry. This book is meant for students of interdisciplinary Environmental Protection and Management course, who study inorganic chemistry for several weeks only. Within so short time careful selection of material had to be done. Our aim was to make students acquainted with very basic chemical knowledge such as writing and balancing chemical equations, doing stoichiometric calculations and distinguishing between a true solution and suspended matter. We hope that on completion of this course students will be able to recognize at least some of chemical problems.
There are many good inorganic chemistry handbooks and we recommend some of the titles here. We are perfectly aware of the fact that we are not capable of writing a better one. The problem is that those books are rather expensive and out of reach for an average student of Chemical Faculty. Thus, with full consciousness of creating a book, which did not stand a chance of being better in any respect than its precedents, we felt obliged to write it. We hope that our effort will be of some use.
CONTENTS:
Introduction
PART A. BASIC CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES (Anna Dołęga)
1. CHEMICAL EQUATIONS
Problems
Supplementary problems
2. STOICHIOMETRY
2.1. Atomic and molar masses. The mole
2.2. Calculations based on chemical formulas
2.3. Calculations based on chemical equations
2.4. Theoretical and actual yield of a chemical reaction
2.5. The limiting reactant
Problems
Supplementary problems
3. SOLUTIONS
3.1. Expressing concentrations
3.1.1. Mass percentage, ppm and ppb
3.1.2. Molar concentration (molarity of solution)
3.2. Converting concentrations. Dilution
3.3. Stoichiometry of reactions in solution
Problems
Supplementary problems
PART B. ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIA (Jarosław Chojnacki)
4. ELECTROLYTES
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Arrhenius theory of acids and bases
4.3. Br0nsted theory of acidity
4.4. Self-ionization of water
4.5. Solutions of weak acids
4.6. Solutions of weak bases
4.7. Solutions containing weak and strong acids
4.8. Solutions containing weak and strong bases
Problems
Supplementary problems
5. BUFFERS AND HYDROLYSIS
5.1. Buffers
5.1.1. Buffers composed of a weak acid and its salt with a strong base
5.1.2. Buffers composed of a weak base and its salt with a strong acid
5.2. Hydrolysis
Problems
Additional Reading
PART C. QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF CATIONS (Bogusław Dręczewski)
6. INTRODUCTION. GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF ANALYTICAL GROUPS
7. SEPARATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF CATIONS IN MIXTURES
7.1. Testing for ammonium ions
7.2. Separation of cations into groups
7.3. Separation and identification of Group I cations - "silver" group
7.4. Separation and identification of Group II A cations - "copper" group
7.5. Separation and identification of Group III cations -"aluminum-nickel" group
7.6. Separation and identification of Group IV cations - "barium" group
7.7. Identification of Group V cations - "magnesium" group
Solutions of Problems
PRONUNCIATION GUIDE
